Global trade is going through a period of change marked by competition between the major economic powers: the United States, the European Union and China. Geopolitical tensions, protectionism and the reconfiguration of trade alliances have generated uncertainty and instability, and countries are rethinking their economic strategies.

One of the main sources of conflict is the trade war between the US and China, which has impacted key sectors such as technology and raw materials. Moreover, globalisation has evolved towards a model in which each economic bloc seeks to strengthen its autonomy without losing competitiveness on the international stage.

These changes have generated a greater demand for flexible and efficient logistics solutions. Companies such as Stock Logistic, an integrated logistics operator integrated in the logistics division of Alonso Group, have had to adapt and optimise their processes, reinforce digitalisation and explore new commercial routes to guarantee a constant flow of goods.

The growth of the BRICS

In this scenario, the BRICS, an economic organisation comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, have gained prominence. This group represents approximately 40% of the world’s GDP and has a population of more than 3.2 billion people. This bloc seeks to consolidate itself as an alternative to the traditional economies led by the West (United States, Europe, etc.).

Each country plays a key role within the group: Brazil and Russia excel in the export of raw materials (mainly oil, gas and agricultural products), India in technology and manufacturing, China as the world’s largest industrial centre, and South Africa as an essential supplier of strategic minerals (such as platinum, gold and manganese).

The BRICS have promoted initiatives such as the New Development Bank, created to finance infrastructure and development projects in emerging countries, as well as agreements to trade in local currencies, in order to reduce dependence on the US dollar. In addition, the New Silk Road initiative strengthens the trade connection between Asia, Africa and Latin America, an avenue that offers new opportunities for trade and economic growth.

Impact on the global supply chain

Global supply chain dynamics have also been affected by these economic transformations. To reduce risks caused by trade wars and ensure the stability of their operations, companies and governments have diversified suppliers and pursued strategies such as relocation (relocating factories to nearby markets) and “friendshoring” (moving production to allied countries with similar values and policies).

In this uncertain scenario, innovation and resilience of the different actors in the supply chain will be key to ensure stability and growth in an ever-changing market.